CHAPTER ONE
1.0.INTRODUCTION:
Tourism industry is the largest and most efficient
economic activities in the world that creates the highest levels of added value
and directly or indirectly affects other economic and cultural activities. Many
countries consider this dynamic industry as the main source of income,
employment, growth in private sector and infrastructure development (Taleghani,
Gilaninia & Bashiri, 2011). Although it can be said that tourism alone
cannot lead to the development of the country, but gradually with the arrival
of tourists create the need to change and facilities for accommodation,
transportation and other related activities, therefore will include development
(Dolat Abadi & Yaghoobzadeh, 2009: 15). Marketing in the tourism industry,
a process management (administration), including the current and future needs
and satisfaction of tourists, so that travel companies and suppliers will have
to compete with each other (Gilaninia, 2010). Nowadays cities are trying to
provide more revenue for their citizens and enhance their quality of life. In
the last two decades, especially since the beginning of the twenty-first
century, city managers and local authorities, urban planners and decision-makers
around the world have tried to increase situation and tourism attractions in
city and its position in the competitive global market are distinct from other
cities (Azadvari, 2011). Using effective marketing tools and parameters is
factors that could improve and develop the tourism industry (Serdi Mahakan,
2001). Thus the marketing of tourism is particularly important, because if
marketing be management process thus all planning activities, providing tourism
product and attracting tourists are needed to marketing operations (Pender,
1999).
Krippend off defined market tourism as the systematic
and coordinate execution business policy by tourist undertaking whether state
owned at local regional national international level the needs if identifiable
consumers groups and in doing so to achieve an appropriate return.
The first equipment for tourism planning therefore is
knowledge of the market and this involves researching into people and their
need that is to sky tourism facilities should be organized primarily to meet
the needs of the guest or users.
The impact of market is seen to include the assessment
of consumers demand in the first place and not mercy satisfying demand as it
appears.
1.2.STATEMENT OF PROBLEM:
i.The growth and development of tourism are not
without problems. The first is that of land used when for example much of the
areas of the tourist destination is devoted to enable land and to other forms
of agriculture. There may be a conflict in the demands which tourism makes on
the countryside for land requirement for his facilities.
This calls for provision of areas of land and arising
the problems of a location of scale resources in the most equitable and
satisfying way.
ii.Secondly there may be conflict between the demand
of visitors and the interest of resident of a town or region the large the
number of visitors and the greatest of risk of inconveniencies or loss of
amenity and facility of those living in the town or regions.
IiiTourism implies the injection into the destination
of an alien elements which may engender resentment in other words, tourism may
guess rise to population explosion. It is an important test of the tourist
organization to educate the resident population.
iv.Thirdly, tourism is to considerable extent seasonal
activities as observed during this study, tourist centres have special days or
needs or period of highest visits.
Relatively little of tourism continuities throughout
the year, most of its facilities are used intensively for less than half time.
This ledges to a wasteful use of resources and may in seasonal unemployment,
this is to an economic as well as social problem.
v.Another problems is in the area of promotion and
publicity to change some of the traditional attitudes of our people with a
largely aggression culture to coax them out of the conservatism to which they
seen entrusted. The public needs to be relaxation and on what tourism is all
about. Need, many people do not even know about the existence of some of our
tourist attractions existing in the state.
However, it must be pointed out that our tourist
organizations have been less concerned with the promotion of their service.
They should involve themselves in promotional activities such as the sponsoring
of sport tournaments at least twice a year. They should also engage in
organizing for instance culture festivals. This non-development of tourist
facilities to complete favorably with those funds in development countries,
account for constant movement by Nigerians to overseas countries for holidays and
relaxation these people who would have constitutes the tourist market in
Nigerian are loss to oversea market.
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:
1.To identify the target market and to highlight the
purpose of relaxation to individual consumers who make up the market.
2.The researcher wishes to identify the tourist
attention (product) available on the state and their facilities
3.To identify the various ways or media by which the
proprietors have seen able to make suggestion on ways to bringing their
services to the people or consumers.
4.To explore the impact of marketing in tourism
development and determine market problems in tourism.
5.To ascertain the position of the tourist industry in
the economic development of the state.
1.4.STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESIS:
H0: The quality of tourist services offered by tourist
organizations in Enugu state is not satisfactorily.
H1: The quality of tourist product/facilities offered
by tourist organization in Enugu state is satisfactorily.
H0: The price of tourist product provided by tourist
organization in Enugu leads to increase in sales
H2: The price of tourist product provided by tourist
organization in Enugu does not lead to increase in sales.
H0: Distribution strategies adopted by tourist
organization in Enugu do not have positive effect on tourism products.
H3: Distribution strategies adopted by tourist
organization in Enugu state have positive effect on tourist products.
H0: The promotional strategies adopted by tourist
organization in Enugu do not lead to customer awareness.
H4: The promotional strategies adopted by tourist
organizational in Enugu leads to customer awareness.
H0: The marketing strategies employed by tourist
organization do not lead to increase sales.
H5: The marketing strategies employed by tourist
organization lead to increase sales.
1.5.SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY:
The researcher hopes that this study will enable the
tourist industry/cooperators and government value the effect of non-application
of marketing concepts.
The study will also help all the tourist industry in
Nigeria especially in Enugu state to know the reason behind the poor
performance of the tourist industries and understands the impact to play in the
tourist facilities and the users.
The study will also act as a literature review to
those interested in doing further studies in this areas of the study will also
help keep the tourist proprietors to live up to their effectuation of their
consumer or guest by making sure that all necessary tourist centers are
developed and the facilities properly maintained.
Finally, the management proprieties including
government will benefits from this report of this study.
1.6.SCOPE OF THE STUDY:
This study covers the impact of marketing on tourist
destination. This it does by highlighting the problem facing the study, the
objectives and the limitation of the study.
1.7.LIMITATION OF THE STUDY:
The researcher was supposed to make a study of the
many tourist centres that make up the tourist industry in the country.
But owing to certain circumstances and observation,
the study of Enugu metropolis only led to been taken the circumstance which
made the study to be limited to only Enugu state considered inadequate of the
study and economic constraints.
The researcher also noticed that the tourist industry
is faced with almost the same problem of underdevelopment throughout the
country. Therefore it is assume that since such is the cash a study within the
Enugu urban will be adequate.
1.9.RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:
The research was designed by the researcher for
objectivity and details. The staffs were divided into four categories of
workers namely: management, supervisors, operatives and casuals to be able to
accommodate the various types of workers in the centre. The study was generally
based on analytical sample survey where companion are made between the
different subgroup of the population under study. A pre-test was also carried
out by the researcher on isolated problems of the design, with a view to
establish a broad plan. Quantitative data was mostly utilized in the analysis.
Data was obtained using questionnaire, oral interviews and journals. The format
used in the questionnaire is the simple Yes/NO (True /False) format,
information format and liker scaling format. It took the researcher about 2
weeks to carry out the research which includes the designing, distribution and
final collection of the questionnaire, conducting conduction of oral interviews
and direct observation as well as the pre-test. These were all done as some
manageable less financial cost to the researcher.
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