CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND
OF THE RESEARCH
The use of
information technology in the hospitality industry has grown tremendously over
the past 20 years. This journey has not always been smooth, but it has become
clear that information technology is now a critical competitive weapon in the
industry. This article examines how the use of information technology in
hospitality has developed, highlights the current role that information
technology plays within international hospitality companies, and examines
current trends and issues while also attempting to speculate on the role that
this technology will play in the industry in the early part of the 21st
century.
As with
almost every industry, ICT applications have an enormous impact on the Tourism
and Hospitality industry. From social media to smart phones and automatic
check-ins, Information and Communication Technology effects even the smallest
areas of the industry. ICT applications are evolving at an ever quicker pace
and industries have to adapt quickly to keep ahead of the curve, or else risk
falling behind the competition.
In
particular, social media has become a big player in a variety of industries in
recent years. With the growth of Facebook and Twitter, many companies have
found it an ideal way to promote and sell their wares. As it stands, it is
difficult for travel related companies to utilise the likes of Facebook to its
full potential. Unlike other, more physical technological advances, social
media sites such as Facebook and Twitter cannot yet keep up to date with live
changes in flight prices and schedules etc. Products such as iPhones and tablet
computers have quickly been adapted for flight and hotel bookings, as well as
getting up-to-the-minute information on many different locations.
Every
organization, business, industry and government uses technology to convert its
inputs into output to attain its organizational objectives, structures and
strategic planning processes (Glover R.H, 1993). The quality of strategic
planning is limited by the quality of Information and Communication Technology
(ICT) available to the decision makers and executive information system. The
Nigerian hospitality and tourism sector is not an exception. Technology and
more specifically Information and Communication Technology (ICT) are one of the
resources needed in the hospitality & tourism sector for effective
management. It has significantly improved the ability of the manager to monitor
individual or team Operation and performance and it has allowed employees to
have more complete information to make faster decisions.
1.2STATEMENT
OF RESEARCH PROBLEM
Information
and Communication Technology has become a potential tool in the hands of the
hospitality and tourism industry for sustainable growth it has revolutionized
the industry and its advent has enormously increased the capabilities of
hospitality industry as they are now able to offer wider range of services to
their customers including internet adverts, online tourism and internet service
and also expand at a great rate. Despite all these innovations in the
hospitality industry and tourism industry, it is highly disheartening to
observe that some hospitality industry are still finding it difficult to meet
the expectations of their customers as regards service delivery. It is not
uncommon to find some clients request clashing with one another’s client, delay
in attending to clients, inability to properly sort out transaction and clients
general loss of trust in industry. These has therefore led to the interest of
the researcher to examine the impact of Information and Communication
Technology (ICT) on hospitality industry and tourism industry and also to
realize the significant impact ICT has had on their operations so as to
guarantee their profitability and growth.
1.3
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The broad
objective of this study is to identify the impact of Information and
Communication Technology on hospitality and tourism industry in Nigerian. The
specific objectives of the study are;
1. Identify
the effects of developments in information technology on hospitality management
and operations.
2.Analyze
current key issues associated with information technology and explore their
implications for the hospitality industry.
3.Evaluate
key challenges limiting the use of technology within the international
hospitality sector and tourism.
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