CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE RESEARCH
The use of information technology in the hospitality
industry has grown tremendously over the past 20 years. This journey has not
always been smooth, but it has become clear that information technology is now
a critical competitive weapon in the industry. This article examines how the
use of information technology in hospitality has developed, highlights the
current role that information technology plays within international hospitality
companies, and examines current trends and issues while also attempting to
speculate on the role that this technology will play in the industry in the
early part of the 21st century.
As with almost every industry, ICT applications have
an enormous impact on the Tourism and Hospitality industry. From social media
to smart phones and automatic check-ins, Information and Communication
Technology effects even the smallest areas of the industry. ICT applications
are evolving at an ever quicker pace and industries have to adapt quickly to
keep ahead of the curve, or else risk falling behind the competition.
In particular, social media has become a big player in
a variety of industries in recent years. With the growth of Facebook and
Twitter, many companies have found it an ideal way to promote and sell their
wares. As it stands, it is difficult for travel related companies to utilise
the likes of Facebook to its full potential. Unlike other, more physical
technological advances, social media sites such as Facebook and Twitter cannot
yet keep up to date with live changes in flight prices and schedules etc.
Products such as iPhones and tablet computers have quickly been adapted for
flight and hotel bookings, as well as getting up-to-the-minute information on
many different locations.
Every organization, business, industry and government
uses technology to convert its inputs into output to attain its organizational
objectives, structures and strategic planning processes (Glover R.H, 1993). The
quality of strategic planning is limited by the quality of Information and
Communication Technology (ICT) available to the decision makers and executive
information system. The Nigerian hospitality and tourism sector is not an
exception. Technology and more specifically Information and Communication
Technology (ICT) are one of the resources needed in the hospitality & tourism
sector for effective management. It has significantly improved the ability of
the manager to monitor individual or team Operation and performance and it has
allowed employees to have more complete information to make faster decisions.
1.2STATEMENT OF RESEARCH PROBLEM
Information and Communication Technology has become a
potential tool in the hands of the hospitality and tourism industry for
sustainable growth it has revolutionized the industry and its advent has
enormously increased the capabilities of hospitality industry as they are now
able to offer wider range of services to their customers including internet
adverts, online tourism and internet service and also expand at a great rate.
Despite all these innovations in the hospitality industry and tourism industry,
it is highly disheartening to observe that some hospitality industry are still
finding it difficult to meet the expectations of their customers as regards
service delivery. It is not uncommon to find some clients request clashing with
one another’s client, delay in attending to clients, inability to properly sort
out transaction and clients general loss of trust in industry. These has
therefore led to the interest of the researcher to examine the impact of
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on hospitality industry
and tourism industry and also to realize the significant impact ICT has
had on their operations so as to guarantee their profitability and growth.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The broad objective of this study is to identify the
impact of Information and Communication Technology on hospitality and tourism
industry in Nigerian. The specific objectives of the study are;
1. Identify the effects of developments in information
technology on hospitality management and operations.
2.Analyze current key issues associated with
information technology and explore their implications for the hospitality
industry.
3.Evaluate key challenges limiting the use of
technology within the international hospitality sector and tourism.
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