CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE RESEARCH
The use of information technology in
the hospitality industry has grown tremendously over the past 20 years. This
journey has not always been smooth, but it has become clear that information
technology is now a critical competitive weapon in the industry. This article
examines how the use of information technology in hospitality has developed,
highlights the current role that information technology plays within
international hospitality companies, and examines current trends and issues
while also attempting to speculate on the role that this technology will play
in the industry in the early part of the 21st century.
As with almost every industry, ICT
applications have an enormous impact on the Tourism and Hospitality industry.
From social media to smart phones and automatic check-ins, Information and
Communication Technology effects even the smallest areas of the industry. ICT applications
are evolving at an ever quicker pace and industries have to adapt quickly to
keep ahead of the curve, or else risk falling behind the competition.
In particular, social media has
become a big player in a variety of industries in recent years. With the growth
of Facebook and Twitter, many companies have found it an ideal way to promote
and sell their wares. As it stands, it is difficult for travel related
companies to utilise the likes of Facebook to its full potential. Unlike other,
more physical technological advances, social media sites such as Facebook and
Twitter cannot yet keep up to date with live changes in flight prices and
schedules etc. Products such as iPhones and tablet computers have quickly been
adapted for flight and hotel bookings, as well as getting up-to-the-minute
information on many different locations.
Every organization, business,
industry and government uses technology to convert its inputs into output to
attain its organizational objectives, structures and strategic planning
processes (Glover R.H, 1993). The quality of strategic planning is limited by
the quality of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) available to the
decision makers and executive information system. The Nigerian hospitality and
tourism sector is not an exception. Technology and more specifically
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) are one of the resources needed
in the hospitality & tourism sector for effective management. It has
significantly improved the ability of the manager to monitor individual or team
Operation and performance and it has allowed employees to have more complete
information to make faster decisions.
1.2STATEMENT OF RESEARCH
PROBLEM
Information and Communication
Technology has become a potential tool in the hands of the hospitality and
tourism industry for sustainable growth it has revolutionized the industry and
its advent has enormously increased the capabilities of hospitality industry as
they are now able to offer wider range of services to their customers including
internet adverts, online tourism and internet service and also expand at a
great rate. Despite all these innovations in the hospitality industry and
tourism industry, it is highly disheartening to observe that some hospitality
industry are still finding it difficult to meet the expectations of their
customers as regards service delivery. It is not uncommon to find some clients
request clashing with one another’s client, delay in attending to clients,
inability to properly sort out transaction and clients general loss of trust in
industry. These has therefore led to the interest of the researcher to examine
the impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on hospitality
industry and tourism industry and also to realize the significant impact
ICT has had on their operations so as to guarantee their profitability and
growth.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The broad objective of this study is
to identify the impact of Information and Communication Technology on
hospitality and tourism industry in Nigerian. The specific objectives of the
study are;
1. Identify the effects of
developments in information technology on hospitality management and
operations.
2.Analyze current key issues
associated with information technology and explore their implications for the
hospitality industry.
3.Evaluate key challenges limiting
the use of technology within the international hospitality sector and tourism.
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