ABSTRACT

This study was an assessment of the impact of public relations on crisis management.

Two instruments were used to collect data for this study. These were scheduled interview of the key administrators of the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation. The public relations officer, the chief security officer, the union consultative committee were all interviewed. Opinion survey of the corporation was done using questionnaires.
The findings revealed that formal channels of public relations with the accompanied oral, written and mediated modes of public relations play a major role in crisis management. Mediation was also found to be an effective public relations approach in crisis resolution. It was found that informal channels of public relations are also important.
To create a cordial public relations climate in NNPC, the NNPC administration should practice human relations. This calls for community participation in decision making especially those that concern the community, through regular consultation with union consultative committee.

Title page

Approval page
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION
1.1           Background of the study
1.2           Statement of the research
1.3           Objective of the study
1.4           Significance of the study
1.5           Research questions
1.6           Research hypothesis
1.7           Conceptual and operational definition
1.8           Assumptions
1.9           Limitation of the study

CHAPTER TWO

REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.1           Source of literature
2.2           The review
2.3           The concept of PR
2.4           What is crisis
2.5           The theoretical frame work
2.6           Theoretical background

CHAPTER THREE

3.1           Research methodology
3.2           Research design
3.3           Research sample
3.4           Measuring instrument
3.5           Data collection
3.6           Data analysis
3.7           Expected results.

CHAPTER FOUR

4.1           Content analysis and data presentation
4.2           Test of hypothesis
4.3           Discussion of findings.

CHAPTER FIVE

5.1           Summary
5.2           Conclusion
5.3           Recommendation
5.4           References
Bibliography
Appendix

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1           BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The assumption that crisis is inevitable in any human organization has gained wide acceptance in recent years. Whether it takes overt form, as in a dispute between two secretaries over one new typewriter, or convert form as with a production supervisor struggling to adopt nigregors “theory”, style or management, while the peers, deride his emphasis upon participation management, conflict is a persuasive force in every organization.
Given, then, that same level of crisis is envitable, it becomes important for the management to discover method not only for identifying crisis but also for channeling it in ways beneficial to his organization. To be able to do this the management must recognize the importance of public relations in an organization and the inter-relationship between public relations and crisis. Public relations serve as the instrument/channel for all organizational activities.
Hence public relations is employed for task, maintenance and human in the organization (Redding 1967) Task relates to various activities of specific concern in an organization for example, messages about improving sales, markets, quality of source, quality of products e.t.c.
Maintenance messages such as policy or organization to remain alive and perpetuate itself. Human messages are directed at people within the organization, their attitudes, moral, satisfaction and fulfillment (Goldhaber 474:13).
From the above explanation of the functions of public relations in an organization, it is evident that public relations problem is often a cause of organizational crisis, get public relations may paradoxically serve as a preventive and curative factor in dealing with crisis as well. Huseman et al, 1970:89.
Hence this research is motivated to see how the management of the NNPC utilized public relations effectively or ineffectively to resolve the crisis in their community.

1.2           STATEMENT OF THE RESEARCH
It is evident from researchers that public relations problem is often an important factor in management of crisis? Yet, public relations may paradoxically serve as a preventive and curative factor in dealing with crisis as well.
Similarity, before the NNPC community crisis of 1999 blamed on poor or inadequate public relations in the resolution of the crisis.
Therefore this study seeks to examine the extent to which a complex management like the Nigerian National Petroleum Company used public relations in resolving the community crisis of 1999. In other words, the study will assess the extent to which formal systems of public relations and the modes of public relations were employed in the crisis management.

1.3           OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The objectives of this study are as follows:

To assess the adaptation of formal public relations in crisis situations such as the Nigerian National Petroleum Company in Port Harcourt.
To further assess the extent to which external formal public relations networks were employed in such crisis resolution.
To examine the mode of public relations used in these formal channels-oral, written and mediated.
To identify the problems associated with each of these channels / methods.
To ascertain the effectiveness or otherwise of each channel or combination of channels.
To also bring to bear the effectiveness or efficiency of the different modes by public relations.

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study is significant for the following reasons. It is aimed at realizing the importance of efficient public relations pattern in the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC).
It is hoped that this study will help in clarifying the medium or channels of public relations as it relates to the management of NNPC as an instance of multi-national corporation its host community.
It is furthermore hoped that the study will contribute immensely in solving the problems of public relations in multi-national corporations such as harmful distribution or complete hoarding of information that concerns workers / management and host community that will mutilate crisis.
The study highlights areas of lapses in public relations between the corporation and the community.
It will acquaint both staff / management community and the general interested public on the existing patterns of public relations within the corporation ie the channel of public relations flew either the olympian height, lateral e.t.c. steps that help in sustaining the corporation and the multi-national corporation in Nigeria.
This study will serve as a base for further intensive research on the pattern of public relations which can be repeated in another study of this nature.

1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

Did crisis ever occur in the management of NNPC Port-Harcourt?
Were there PR strategies that were employed as a result of the crisis?
To what extent have the newly employed PR strategies impacted positively on the management of the corporation?

1.6 REARCH HYPOTHESIS
H₁ Crisis has occurred in NNPC Port Harcourt.
H₀ Crisis has not occurred in the management of NNPC Port Harcourt.
H₂ Public relation strategies were not employed for crisis management.
H₀ Public relation strategies were been employed in crisis management of NNPC.
H₃ Public relation strategies were effective in crisis management of NNPC.
H₀ Public relation strategies were not effective in crisis management of NNPC.

1.7 CONCEPTUAL AND OPERATIONAL DEFINITION CORPORATION.
An open system whose parts are related to its whole and its environment or a network of inter dependent relationship (Gold-habel, 1974).

PUBLIC RELATIONS

The sharing of meaning with oneself or with others (Akpan 1987) public relations is the process through which individuals in relationships group, corporations and societies create, transmit and use information to organize with the environment and one other (Ruben 1988: 18).

PUBLIC RELATIONS NETWORKS

The flow of messages between and among people exist over path-ways called public relations networks.

CRISIS

This may be reviewed as a form of opposition which is apparent-centered, based on incapability of goals, aims or values of opponent controls the goals or object desired by both parties (Ston 1970:1).

1.8           ASSUMPTIONS
Considering the sensitive nature of the project topics the need to present a highly valued academic were the following assumptions were made.
i)                  The assumptions made was that the public relations crisis management was not effective in the management.
ii)               The reason why the public relations crisis mangement approach was not effective sure to the bad and in effective PR strategies employed.

1.9           LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
The investigation in this study would have covered both formal and informal public relations (the basics of public relations) taking the multi – national for the country. Comparing the effectiveness of each channel, on its own merit.
Since this is a birds eye view of public relations crisis resolution situation, no time and resources could permit a more indept study to cover all facets, though.
By restricting the study to Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation Port Harcourt however it does not in any way invalidate any generalization about the use of public relations in crisis management in multi-national corporation.

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Monday, 6 February 2017

IMPACT OF PUBLIC RELATIONS ON CRISIS MANAGEMENT OF MULTI-NATIONAL CORPORATIONS (A CASE STUDY OF NNPC – PORT HARCOURT.)

ABSTRACT

This study was an assessment of the impact of public relations on crisis management.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page

CHAPTER ONE

CHAPTER TWO

CHAPTER THREE

CHAPTER FOUR

CHAPTER FIVE

PUBLIC RELATIONS

PUBLIC RELATIONS NETWORKS

CRISIS

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