ABSTRACT
Handling of cargo has been a
circular task all these while in our various ports. And Nigerian Ports
Authority (N.P.A) being an organization responsible for seeing to the affairs
of our various sea ports in Nigeria, have worked endlessly to make sure cargoes
are properly handled without much complain of damage or misplacement.
To ease the operation of cargo
handling in our sea ports, researcher took up this study by critically
understanding the work, procedure involved, analysis of the various steps and
at the same time detecting problem in the present system and designing a new
system that has solution to the problem of the existing system.
The new design is computerized and
is subject to modification at any given time. It also have this
interaction feature and accurate in it’s output.
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
Title
page
i
Certification
ii
Approval page
iii
Dedication
iv
Acknowledgment
v
Abstract
vi
Table of
contents
ix
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
1
1.1
Statement of
problem
4
1.2
Purpose of
study
4
1.3
Aims and
objective
4
1.4
Significance of
study
5
1.5
Scope of the
study
5
1.6
Limitation of the
study
5
1.7
Definition of
terms
6
CHAPTER TWO
Literature
Review
9
CHAPTER THREE
DESCRIPTION AND ANALYSIS OF THE
EXISTING SYSTEM
3.1
Method of Data
collection
14
3.2
Organization structure
15
3.3
Objective of the existing
system
16
3.4
Input process, output
analysis
19
3.5
Information flow
diagram
20
3.6
Justification of the new
system
24
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0
The new system
design
25
4.1
Output specification and
design
25
4.2
Input specification and
design
27
4.3
File
design
28
4.4
Procedure
chart
30
4.5
System flow
chart
31
4.6
System
requirement
32
CHAPTER FIVE
IMPLEMENTATION
34
5.1
Program
design
34
5.2
Program flow
chart
37
5.3
Pseudo
code
41
5.4
Source
program
45
CHAPTER SIX
6.0
DOCUMENTATION
46
6.1
Choice of
language
46
6.2
Loading the
program
47
6.3
Program
description
47
CHAPTER SEVEN
7.0
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
7.1
Conclusion
49
7.2
Recommendation
50
REFERENCE
CHAPTER
ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Nigeria Ports Authority is a
government owned organization under the supervision of the federal Ministry of transport
with responsibility of providing specific ports and labor services for the
country’s meantime industry.
One of their numerous duties and
major functions is the provision of Cargo Handling Quays facilities. Right from
the inception of this company, the billing system has been manually
processed. The port complex is in the early stage of computerization and
the manual method of preparing customers’ bills are delayed.
A computer-based billing system is
necessary for handling and preparing of accurate bills for customers. The
new system will facilitate the prompt preparation of bills, easy retrieval of
information, security to vital information and resource sharing among the
billing department.
1.1
BACKGROUND OF STUDY:
Once Port complex is located near
Port Harcourt, Rivers State of Nigeria, the port is a natural port and was
established about twenty years ago, firstly with the construction and
commissioning of the Federal Lighter Terminal (FLT) in 1982 and later the
Federal Ocean Terminal (FOT) in 1996.
These two terminals handle lighter
(smaller) vessels and ocean-going vessels respectively. The average
draught of FLT is about 5.7m while that of FOT is about 13.0m being the
cheapest in the West and Central African sub-region. In this regard, the
FOT is envisaged to be attracting more cargo ship and traffic not only as a
transit but also as a transshipment center in the sub-region. It however
did not have any mechanical handling equipment for billing.
The billing system is presently handling
manually by the marketing department of this port. The marketing
department of the port took over the function of revenue billing from the
traffic department in the 80’s. Their main function is to raise
customer’s bills of all statutory charges against port users for the services
rendered to them. These services includes Rental period at the number of
days the consignment in within the port vicinity, NPA shore handling, transfer
service, documentation, terminal delivery value added tax (VAT) and
miscellaneous.
The role at which the bills are
prepared with the increasing number of customer is insignificant. There
are procedural ways in which these bills are being prepared. They are the
provisional bills of vessels, the final bills of vessels and the miscellaneous
bills. A staff has to raise as many bills as the number of the customer
increases: more importantly, delays bring extra cost on the importer, and this
makes the importer feel disappointed when they come to collect their raised bills.
Hence, a thorough investigation and
analysis of the manual billing method enables me to gain understanding on the
true nature of their problems and design a computerized seaport billing system
that would bring solutions to the problem inherent.
1.2
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
History has it that the billing
system in Nigeria Port Authority, one port has been plagues by several factors
based on the current manual process by the use of the Draft import Debit and
import Debit Note, these factors includes:
- Fills and records are not properly kept
- Errors are easily made and hardly detected
- A lot of time is wasted to prepare bills
- Information is not well documented
- Security of files or document is not granted.
1.3
PURPOSE OF STUDY
The main aim of this study is to
computerize Nigeria Ports Authority, One Port billing system in order to
improve their transaction rate of services to their various customers.
1.4
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The primary aim of this project
research is to develop a computer-based seaport billing system that will handle
the bills raised for various customers specifically in NPA, One Port. A
computer –based system can be ‘batched’ or ‘interactive’. A batch
processing system is one where transactions are accumulated into batches of
suitable sizes, then each batch is sorted and processed as a simple unit.
Batch processing has a degree of delay. Interactive systems are those
which allow the user to input data in response to the information displayed on
the screen.
This project is concerned with
only ever, the researcher touched all parts of system design that
will enhance a computer based billing system in NPA.
1.5
LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
During the course of this project
work, the researcher batted with time and money constraint which nearly
affected the progress of the work. Despite all odds, the researcher was
able to produce a defendable work.
1.6
SIGNIFICANT OF THE STUDY
The need for a study of this nature
can not be over emphasized. It is expected that with the designed system,
one can realize some important effects of the computerized billing
system. Some of the effects are :-
- The chances of frauds of any kind will be drastically reduced as well as errors on customer’s bill.
- The new system saves time and facilitates the prompt raising of bills as delay brings on extra cost to customers.
- The information flow is well maintained and it enhances the top management decision making.
- The new system ensures ease of processing and hence ensures faster processing of output on customers waiting to collect theirì¥ÁG personal property other than animals.
- 1. CONSIGNMENT: The same as the container of goods.
- 2. CONSIGNEE: The same as importer of the container.
- 3. GROUPAGE: When two or more importers come together to improve one or more containers.
- 4. HARBOUR: This is a safe place where ships can be to load or unload.
- 5. HARDWARE: Is all the physical devices around the computer.
- 6. INTERACTIVE PROCESSING: A process where by the users communicates directly with the computer.
- 7. PORT: It means the commercial area of the harbor at the part of the harbor used for loading and in loading of goods.
- 8. QUATS: A stone or metal plate form in a harbor where boats/ships come in to load.
- 9. SOFTWRE: All the programs in the computer.
- 10. SYSTEM: This is a set of interrelated elements working together to form a unit to get some output.
- 11. SYSTEM FLOWCHART: This is a diagrammatic representation of logical flow of development of a system through different stages or processes around the computer and its various task.
- 12. TARIFF: Tax on a particular class of imported goods.
- 13. TRANSFER CHARGE: The money paid for the services rendered by N.P.A in transferring the consignment from the ship to the port.
- 14. VAT: Value Added Tax-tax on the value of a product at each stage of manufacture and marketing.
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